Ubushakashatsi buheruka ku isoko ry’ifu y’amababa bwashyizwe ahagaragara na Transparency Market Research burimo isesengura ry’inganda ku isi no gusuzuma amahirwe yo kuva mu 2020 kugeza 2030. Muri 2020, isoko ry’ifu y’amababa ku isi rizinjiza amafaranga angana na miliyoni 359.5 z’amadolari y’Amerika, hamwe n’igipimo cy’izamuka ry’ubukungu ku mwaka cya 8.6%, kandi rizagera kuri miliyoni 820 z’amadolari y’Amerika mu 2030.
Shaka ibiryo by’amatungo kugira ngo umenye ingaruka z’ibikoresho fatizo n’imiterere yo gutunganya poroteyine ku gusohoka kwa poroteyine, uburyo poroteyine igogorwa n’ibindi bipimo by’agaciro k’ibiryo. Ibiryo by’amababa biva mu nganda zitunganya ibiribwa ni ingenzi mu nkoko. Ibiryo by’amababa biva mu nganda zitunganya ibiribwa ni ingenzi mu nkoko. Imyanda y’amababa iva mu ishami rishinzwe gutunganya amatungo ishobora gukoreshwa nk’isoko ya poroteyine mu kugaburira amatungo. Amababa akungahaye kuri poroteyine yitwa keratin, ingana na 7% by’uburemere bw’inyoni nzima, bityo itanga ingano y’ibikoresho bishobora guhindurwamo ibiryo by’agaciro. Byongeye kandi, ugereranije n’ibiryo by’amavuta, gukoresha ifu y’amababa nk’isoko nziza ya poroteyine yo gusohoka bizatuma isoko ry’ibiryo by’amababa ryiyongera cyane.
Mu myaka mike ishize, abakora ibiryo byo mu mazi bagiye bashishikazwa cyane n'ifu y'amababa. Nk'isoko ya poroteyine, gusimbuza ifu y'amafi mu biryo by'amafi bifite akarusho kadasubirwaho: bifite akamaro k'intungamubiri atari mu bijyanye n'ingano ya poroteyine no kugogora gusa, ahubwo no mu bijyanye n'ubukungu. Ni isoko y'agaciro kanini ya poroteyine mu biryo by'amafi, kandi byagaragaje imikorere myiza cyane hamwe n'urwego rwo hejuru rw'igerageza ry'amasomo n'ubucuruzi. Ibisubizo byagaragaje ko ifu y'amababa ifite akamaro kanini ku mirire y'amafi yo mu bwoko bwa trout, kandi ifu y'amafi ishobora gukoreshwa hamwe n'ifu y'inkoko idatakaza ubushobozi bwo gukura, ifunguro ry'amafi cyangwa imikorere myiza y'ibiryo by'amafi. Niba ifu y'amababa mu biryo by'amafi ikwiriye gusimbura poroteyine y'amafi bizatuma ubwinshi bw'ibiryo by'amababa byongera ubwinshi bw'ibiryo by'amababa.
Nk'inyungu ikomeye, ubuhinzi bw'umwimerere bugizwe n'ifumbire mvaruganda buracyari inyungu ku nganda zirimo gutera imbere mu buhinzi. Uko ibiryo by'umwimerere bigenda birushaho gukundwa, ni amahitamo meza kandi afite imyitwarire myiza ku baguzi. Uretse amahame mbwirizamuco, ifumbire mvaruganda nayo yagize iterambere rikomeye bitewe n'imiterere y'ubutaka no kubungabunga amazi ndetse n'izindi nyungu nyinshi ku bidukikije. Ubumenyi bw'abahinzi ku byiza by'imirire by'ifumbire mvaruganda ikomoka ku bimera n'inyamaswa ndetse n'uruhare rwabo mu guteza imbere imikurire y'ubutaka n'ibindi bikorwa by'udukoko bikomoka ku bimera bwakomeje kwiyongera, ibyo bikaba byarateje imbere ikoreshwa ry'ifumbire mvaruganda. Kubera ko ifumbire mvaruganda ikomoka ku bimera ifite ubushobozi bwo gufata amazi neza, ishobora kongera uburumbuke bw'ubutaka, irakurura kurusha ubwoko bw'ibimera.
Kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu gukora ibihingwa byemewe n'umwimerere, hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'ifumbire mvaruganda ikoreshwa mu bucuruzi. Ibi bicuruzwa birimo ifi y'umuhondo, ifumbire y'inkoko, ifumbire ya guano ikomoka ku nyoni zo mu nyanja, nitrate yo muri Chili, ubwoya n'ifu y'amaraso. Ubwoya burakusanywa bukagezwa ku bushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko, hanyuma bugatunganywa mu ifu nziza. Hanyuma bushyirwa mu mapaki kugira ngo bukoreshwe mu mvange y'ifumbire, ibiryo by'amatungo, n'ibindi biryo nyuma yo kumisha. Ifu y'ifu irimo ifumbire mvaruganda nyinshi za azote, zishobora gusimbura ifu nyinshi z'amazi zikoze mu buhinzi.
Nubwo icyifuzo cy'ibiryo by'amatungo cyahagaze neza, icyorezo cya coronavirus cyagize ingaruka zikomeye ku bitangwa. Bitewe n'ingamba zikomeye zafashwe mu gukumira icyorezo cya Covid-19, Ubushinwa, nk'ikigo gikomeye gitanga soya z'umwimerere, bwateje ibibazo ku batunganya ibiryo by'umwimerere ku isi. Byongeye kandi, bitewe n'ibibazo by'ubwikorezi mu Bushinwa no gutwara ibindi bice by'ingenzi, kuboneka kw'amakontenari n'amato nabyo birahungabanyijwe. Guverinoma zategetse ko ibyambu mpuzamahanga bifungwa igice, bityo birushaho guhungabanya urusobe rw'ibiryo by'amatungo.
Ifungwa rya resitora mu turere twose ryagize ingaruka zikomeye ku nganda zitunganya ibiryo by'amatungo. Bitewe n'icyorezo cya COVID-19, impinduka zikomeye mu mikoreshereze y'ibiribwa byatumye abakora ibicuruzwa bongera gutekereza kuri politiki n'ingamba zabo. Umusaruro w'inkoko n'ubworozi bw'amafi ni byo byibasiwe cyane cyane. Ibi bizagira ingaruka ku iterambere ry'isoko ry'ifu y'amababa mu gihe cy'umwaka umwe cyangwa ibiri, kandi byitezwe ko icyifuzo kizagabanuka mu mwaka umwe cyangwa ibiri, hanyuma kikagera ku rwego rudasobanutse mu myaka mike iri imbere.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: 25 Nzeri 2020
